元文人印
元文人印以元朱文为主。所谓元朱文印实际上是萌发于宋代,至元代吾丘衍、赵孟頫倡导最力的一种独特印式。吾丘衍所著《学古编》,对古印的篆法、格式等作了论述。其中《三十五举》,叙列汉印篆体与印式的纲要,是最早研究印章艺术的专著。不仅如此,吾氏还有“小篆精妙,当代独步,不止秦唐二李间”之美誉。赵孟頫虽然还不是一位集写刻于一身的篆刻家,但是他的书、画方面的精深造诣和对印章艺术的深刻思考,引导印章艺术步入传统的正道上来。他十分推崇汉魏印的典型质朴之意境。他亲手篆写印文,交由印工完成的印章,形态优美,风格典雅,一反当时印章刻意追求形式主义的流弊,使宋代任何一位文人的印章均相形见绌。我们从赵孟頫遗留下来的篆书手迹,对照他的书画作品所用印章的文字可以看到,这类印章的篆文书体,与古玺印尽管形貌不同,却有其精神,可谓在传统印学基础上,变革当时印风,闯出的一条新路。其篆节风格明显受到李阳冰篆法的影响,笔势圆转流畅,线条工细劲健,无疲软之病,章法布白匀称稳妥,婉丽娟秀中透出高贵雅静的气质,一洗唐宋以来九叠篆的旧习,正是这种独特印式,影响了元一代朱文印的形式,而且为后世篆刻家所效法,并称这种风格为“元朱文”,亦称“圆朱文”。这些文字秀丽的印章蘸上朱红色印泥,钤盖在书画作品上,与书法、绘画相映衬,实开文人在书画等各方面全面用印之先河。体现了赵孟頫这位大艺术家多方面的修养和对印章艺术书法美和章法美的追求。</P><P> 正是由于吾丘衍与赵孟頫的巨大影响,以传统印为正宗的审美观在元代士大夫文人中被普遍接受,元代文人用印朱文采用“元朱文”格式成为一大趋势。至今依然为许多篆刻家所效法。</P>
<P> 文人真正自己动手刻印，相传始于王冕。王冕(1287一1359）字元章,号煮石山农、饭牛翁、会稽外史、梅花屋主。浙江诸暨人。出身农家,幼贫好学,当过牧牛娃,也在僧寺做过工。曾夜坐佛膝上映长明灯读书。会稽韩姓得知十分惊异,收为弟子,遂成通儒。王冕游京都时,客秘节卿泰不华家。泰不华拟荐以馆职,力辞不就,归隐故里九里山,以卖画为生。朱元璋攻下婺州后,招为谘议参军,未等建立大明,因病卒。</P>
<P> 王元章以画墨梅名扬天下,作品花密枝繁,笔墨简捷淡雅,气息清新。亦工诗,精篆刻。著有《梅谱》、《竹斋诗集》。他用花乳石刻印的篆刻家,花乳石脆软细腻,容易受刀,表现刀法韵昧效果极佳。从而把篆刻创作从写篆到奏刀两个过程用一手来完成,这一印材的发明使治印艺术很快在文人当中普及开来,为以后流派篆刻艺术高潮的到来,奠定了基础。</P>
<P> 王冕的同里刘绩在《霏雪录》中载:“初无人,以花药石刻印者,自山农始也。”又言:“山农用汉制刻图书,印甚古。汪古熊¤巾萄所蓄颇夥,然文皆陋俗,见山农印大叹服,且曰:‘天马一出,万马自喑,于是尽弃所有'”。</P>
<P> 王冕传世的绘画作品中钤有画家自刻自用的印章,如“王冕私印"、“王元章氏”、“方外司马”、“会稽佳山水”等印,从中我们可以看出这些印颇有汉代铸凿之味,这几方印不仅吸取汉人法度,表现了汉印的神采,而且也能刻出他自己的风恪。可塑性极好的花乳石,通过王冕精深的笔墨技法和挥运自如、痛快淋漓的刀功,的确如刘绩所言,令观者大为叹服，是隋唐以来的印章无法与之相比的。</P>
元文人印1
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184849866.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184849866.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />元.布衣道人[吾丘衍]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184911742.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184911742.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.吾衍私印[吾丘衍]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184936638.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184936638.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.赵氏书印[赵孟頫]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184956915.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925184956915.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.赵子昂氏[赵孟頫]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185016904.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185016904.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.赵孟頫印
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492518504049.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492518504049.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.赵[赵孟頫]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492518514625.bmp" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492518514625.bmp\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.松雪斋[赵孟頫]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185125498.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185125498.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.松雪斋图书印[赵孟頫]
元文人印2
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185212152.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185212152.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />元.方外司马[王冕]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185233991.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185233991.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.王冕私印[王冕]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185252789.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185252789.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.会稽佳山水[王冕]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185312313.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185312313.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.王元章氏[王冕] <P> 元代文人印朱文印以“元朱文”为主，白文印则以“汉印”为法，这是两条并行的主线。</P><P> 至如文人最早自己动手刻印，吴中文人李明善擅刻象牙印，在时间上恐较王冕为早。王冕只能说是创用花乳石刻印者。</P> 欣赏了.
页:
[1]
