宋元花押印
花押印又称署押印,它是起源于宋代,盛行于元代的一种私印,一种刻有花押样式的特殊格式的印章。所谓花押,就是“用名字稍花之",它是将个人姓名或字号经过草写,改变成类似于图案的符号。其最初的形态是南北朝时期的凤尾书,又名“花书"。这种印除具有一般印章的功能外,还有使局外人不易识别和难以摹仿的作用。</P><P> 元代盛行花押印的原因,是因为做官的蒙古人、色目人很多不识文字,也不擅执笔签字画押,于是就在象牙或木头上刻上花押来代替执笔签字。明陶伸仪《南村辍耕录》中载曰:“为官者,多为不能执笔花押,例以象牙或木刻而印之”。由于元代的盛行,故俗称“元押”。此外,元代还有用蒙文刻成古代符节形式的印,从中剖开,双方各执一半,以为“持信”,称为“合同印”,亦属于押字印一类。</P>
<P> 花押印,皆为朱文,形状多种多样。从传世的元朝押印来看,大体上是长方形的,有的仅一汉字,有的仅刻花押,有的上刻姓氏,下部兼刻花押。这上部的文字无论用楷书、隶书甚至篆书,都有一种古拙凝重的风格,是后世创作今体字印章不可多得的参考资料。</P>
<P> 花押印,在印学史上有其特殊的地位,尤为文人雅士所钟爱。它是宋元时期开拓和丰富印章艺术形式的一大贡献。这种印不仅是对肖形印和异形印的发展,而且与肖形印、异形印有异曲同工之妙。特别是印章中那种似文非文,似图非图的符号图案,大大启发了篆刻家们的思路,加大了印章艺术的内涵和外沿。对以后流派篆刻艺术百花齐放、万紫干红的繁荣面貌出了一把力。不失为印坛百花园中的一朵奇葩。这种花押印到明清之际,渐渐少了。明清流传下来的仅见一方明朝末代皇帝崇祯用的玉押</P>
宋元花押印1
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185558799.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185558799.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />宋.京
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185626217.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185626217.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
宋.适
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185644538.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185644538.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.画押字
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492518573243.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492518573243.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.太清
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185726253.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185726253.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.大吉[押]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185756932.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185756932.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.琵琶形押
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185825600.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185825600.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.清河郡
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185847980.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185847980.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.鱼
宋元花押印2
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185938312.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185938312.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />元.瓶形押
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185957796.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185957796.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.葫芦形押
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492519016186.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492519016186.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.李[押]
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492519034510.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/200492519034510.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.邵 [quote]<B>以下是引用<I>书奴</I>在2004-9-25 18:59:06的发言</B>
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185644538.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2004-9/2004925185644538.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
元.画押字
[/quote]
<P> 这是宋押! 唐代的烙马印开始取用符号入印，这应算是花押印的肇始。到了宋朝，上至皇帝，下至百姓，使用花押印已是极为平常的事了。</P> 欣赏了. 花押印,在印学史上有其特殊的地位,尤为文人雅士所钟爱。
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