赵孟頫
<P>赵孟頫</P><P> 赵孟頫字子昂,号松雪,别号鸥波、水精宫道人等。吴兴(今浙江湖州)人。宋宗室,赵匡胤十一世孙,秦王德芳之后。年十四,以父荫补真州司户参军,宋亡后,他作为南宋遗逸而了仕元朝,累官翰林学士承旨,荣禄大夫,他生前“被遇五朝,官居一品,史满天下”。死后封魏国公,谥号文敏。
元代,汉族尤其南方士人的社会地位急剧下降,朝廷废弃画院,使文人画队伍迅速壮大,绘画由贵族士夫趣味向世俗地主趣味转化。“荣际五朝,名满四海”的赵孟孚,以非凡的才干和毕生精力投入这场艺术运动,为文人画的发展起了巨大推动作用。
赵孟頫的作品,即维护了文人画的人格追求,又摒弃了文人画的游戏态度,为创建文人画特有的表现形式作出了很大的贡献。
赵孟頫博学多才,诗词、书法、绘画、音乐造诣均深,特别是书画方面成绩最为突出。他在绘画方面继承晋唐五代和北宋的优秀传统,博采众家之所长,自成面貌,而且题材广泛,风格多样,山水、人物、竹石、花鸟均“悉造微,穷其天趣”(杨载《赵公行状》,见《松雪斋文集》附录)。在艺术表现形式方面,无论工笔、写意、青绿、水墨也都十分精采。赵孟孚也是一位书画理论家,他主张作画要有“古意”,倡导“书画同源”,强调绘画中用笔的书法趣味,并主张师法自然,提出“到处云山是吾师”。
赵孟頫将师古与创新相结合,将高逸的士夫气息和散逸的文人气息融于一体,为“游观山水”向“抒情山水”转化提供了范例。元四家的杰出成就正是建立在赵孟孚成功尝试的基础上的。董其昌评价他说:“赵集贤画为元人冠冕。”
赵孟頫的作品就像一座桥梁联接了唐宋和元以后的绘画,对后世影响极大。</P>
<P>另文:
赵孟俯是我国元代最有才华的书画大家,在绘画史,书法史上,都占有重 要的地位。赵孟俯一门的书画,在元初称誉于大江南北。 赵孟俯字子昂,号松雪,又号松雪道人,别号欧波,又号鸥波亭,曾号水晶宫等。湖州(浙江吴兴)人。生于南宋理宗宝二年(1254年),卒于元英宗至治二年 (1322年)。
赵孟俯本系宋太祖赵匡胤十一世孙,幼小聪慧,读书过目成诵,为人才华横溢,仪容出众,诗文清远,书画双绝。宋亡后他在元廷当官,“官居一品,名满天下”,不但在艺术上成就巨大,在政治上也荣际显赫。在京期间,也敢与佞臣桑哥作斗,一 时为人称颂。
赵孟俯多才多艺,对诗词、书法、绘画、音乐均有极深造诣,特别是书画方面成绩尤为突出,从题材上说,山水、人物、竹石、花鸟、鞍马画都擅长;从艺术表现形式上说,无论工笔、写意、青绿、水墨也都十分精彩。在山水画方面他可称大家,具有任意用各种方法进行创作的才能,而同时又具有自己的个性特点。这一点在中国绘画 史上还很少有人能与他相比。同时还精于鉴定古器物、名书画。 赵孟俯的妻子管道生善于画竹,是中国古代最有名的女画家之一,她的书画学自丈夫。他们的儿子赵雍也是知名画家,并且精于书画鉴赏。</P>
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洞庭东山图
<P><img src="attachments/dvbbs/20041139505728.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/20041139505728.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><img src="attachments/dvbbs/20041127154749890.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/20041127154749890.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /></P>
<B>洞庭东山图</B> 元 赵孟頫</P>
绢本 设色 纵61.9厘米 横27.6厘米 上海博物馆藏 赵孟頫(公元1254-1322年),字子昂,号松雪道人、鸥波、水晶宫道人等。吴兴(今浙江湖州)人。宋宗室,人元后任兵部郎中、翰林学士承旨。擅画山水、人物、鞍马、竹石和花乌。山水取法董源、李成,人物、鞍马学李公麟和唐人。其绘画有两种面貌,一为工整,一为豪放,均在笔墨技法上有较大发展,对后世的影响极大。</P> 此图描绘洞庭东山的景色。洞庭山位于江苏吴县西南太湖中,分东西雨山。东山古名胥母山,又名莫厘山,为伸出太湖之半岛。图上东山山势不高,圆浑平缓,山径曲折,一人伫立岸边眺望太湖。山后雾气迷蒙,岗峦隐约。湖面微波粼粼,轻舟荡漾。近处小丘浮起,杂木叶生。作者自题诗中抒发了闲和怡悦的决绪。下钤“赵氏子昂”朱文方印。画幅中有清高宗弘历题诗。裱边有明人董其昌题跋。</P>
此幅笔墨从董源的规范中变化而来,柔和流畅的披麻皴和疏密相间的点苔,表现出江南草木华滋的土山形貌。细密的鱼鳞水纹,写出太湖潋滟的水光。山峦和坡石罩染淡淡的石青、石绿和赭石,以花青占染树叶,盏面色调明澈清雅。这种浅绛山水是赵孟頫在唐、宋青绿山水基础上发展起来的析体貌,对元代山水画风影响很大。</P>
画家另有《洞庭西山图》,与此图原相联属,惜已散佚。</P>
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秋郊饮马图
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江村鱼乐图
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茅亭松籁图
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红衣罗汉图卷
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自写小像
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三世人马图之一
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三世人马图之二
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三世人马图之二
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/200411215391734.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/200411215391734.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />赵孟頫
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古木散马图
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调良图
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百尺梧桐轩图
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幼舆邱壑图(局部)
<P><img src="attachments/dvbbs/200411392650790.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/200411392650790.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />1</P>
<P><img src="attachments/dvbbs/20041139271861.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/20041139271861.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /></P>
<P>2
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二羊图
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人骑图
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浴马图(局部)
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<P><img src="attachments/dvbbs/200411393254843.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/200411393254843.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
2</P>
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重江叠嶂图
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鹊华秋色图
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